{"id":22306,"date":"2026-05-14T11:24:09","date_gmt":"2026-05-14T09:24:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/?p=22306"},"modified":"2026-05-14T11:24:21","modified_gmt":"2026-05-14T09:24:21","slug":"nela-hamackova-plodnost-a-sladeni-rodinneho-zivota-s-praci-v-ceske-republice-policy-paper-2-2026","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/en\/2026\/05\/14\/nela-hamackova-plodnost-a-sladeni-rodinneho-zivota-s-praci-v-ceske-republice-policy-paper-2-2026\/","title":{"rendered":"Nela Ham\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1: Plodnost a\u00a0slad\u011bn\u00ed rodinn\u00e9ho \u017eivota s\u00a0prac\u00ed v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice &#8211; Policy paper 2\/2026"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00davod<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">T\u00e9ma plodnosti je v&nbsp;sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b velmi aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na ve vysp\u011bl\u00fdch zem\u00edch, kde je jej\u00ed pokles v&nbsp;posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch \u010dasto diskutovan\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem. Za dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou problematiku, kter\u00e9 je nyn\u00ed v\u011bnov\u00e1no v\u00edce pozornosti, lze ozna\u010dit slad\u011bn\u00ed rodinn\u00e9ho a&nbsp;pracovn\u00edho \u017eivota. Tato dv\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 t\u00e9mata spolu mohou \u00fazce souviset, jeliko\u017e podm\u00ednky usnad\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed sklouben\u00ed pracovn\u00edch a&nbsp;rodinn\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f mohou ovliv\u0148ovat rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed jedinc\u016f o&nbsp;zalo\u017een\u00ed \u010di&nbsp;roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed rodiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s&nbsp;jin\u00fdmi evropsk\u00fdmi zem\u011bmi se \u010cesk\u00e1 republika \u0159ad\u00ed mezi ty s&nbsp;m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami pro slad\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edho a&nbsp;rodinn\u00e9ho \u017eivota. Mezi hlavn\u00ed probl\u00e9my lze za\u0159adit n\u00edzkou pracovn\u00ed flexibilitu, velmi omezen\u00fd pod\u00edl osob se zkr\u00e1cen\u00fdm pracovn\u00edm \u00favazkem a&nbsp;nedostate\u010dnou dostupnost form\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o&nbsp;d\u011bti. Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed syst\u00e9mu m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k&nbsp;dlouhodob\u00e9mu p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed kari\u00e9ry \u017een, ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 aktivit\u011b matek a&nbsp;prohlubov\u00e1n\u00ed rozd\u00edl\u016f mezi \u017eenami a&nbsp;mu\u017ei&nbsp;na trhu pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdsledky z\u00edskan\u00e9 pomoc\u00ed uskute\u010dn\u011bn\u00e9 anal\u00fdzy z\u00e1rove\u0148 ukazuj\u00ed na skute\u010dnost, \u017ee vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed obavy ze slad\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edho a&nbsp;rodinn\u00e9ho \u017eivota maj\u00ed \u017eeny ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s&nbsp;mu\u017ei, osoby s&nbsp;d\u011btmi ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s&nbsp;bezd\u011btn\u00fdmi, osoby \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v&nbsp;dom\u00e1cnostech s&nbsp;ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edjmy ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s&nbsp;vysokop\u0159\u00edjmov\u00fdmi a&nbsp;osoby bez flexibiln\u00edho zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s&nbsp;osobami, kter\u00e9 flexibiln\u00ed zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed maj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdzkumu byla zformulov\u00e1na opat\u0159en\u00ed, kter\u00e1 by mohla sou\u010dasnou situaci zlep\u0161it. Zahrnuj\u00ed podporu flexibiln\u00edch forem zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a&nbsp;v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed dostupnost zkr\u00e1cen\u00fdch \u00favazk\u016f, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed slu\u017eeb p\u00e9\u010de o&nbsp;d\u011bti a&nbsp;\u00fapravu rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 dovolen\u00e9 v&nbsp;souladu se sm\u011brnic\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Popis sou\u010dasn\u00e9 situace v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010cesk\u00e1 republika pat\u0159\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s&nbsp;\u0159adou z\u00e1padoevropsk\u00fdch a&nbsp;seversk\u00fdch zem\u00ed mezi st\u00e1ty s&nbsp;m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdmi podm\u00ednkami pro slad\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edho a&nbsp;rodinn\u00e9ho \u017eivota. \u010cesk\u00fd syst\u00e9m je charakteristick\u00fd zejm\u00e9na dlouhou rodi\u010dovskou dovolenou, n\u00edzk\u00fdm vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm zkr\u00e1cen\u00fdch \u00favazk\u016f a&nbsp;omezenou dostupnost\u00ed form\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o&nbsp;d\u011bti mlad\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00ed let.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem \u010desk\u00e9ho trhu pr\u00e1ce je n\u00edzk\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed flexibilita. Mo\u017enost pr\u00e1ce z&nbsp;domova, pru\u017en\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed doby nebo individu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapravy pracovn\u00ed doby z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm n\u011bkter\u00fdm skupin\u00e1m zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, zejm\u00e9na osob\u00e1m s&nbsp;vy\u0161\u0161\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00edm nebo ve vybran\u00fdch profes\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Specifikem \u010desk\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu je n\u00edzk\u00e9 zapojen\u00ed otc\u016f do p\u00e9\u010de o&nbsp;d\u011bti. A\u010dkoliv \u010desk\u00e1 legislativa form\u00e1ln\u011b umo\u017e\u0148uje \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 dovolen\u00e9 ob\u011bma rodi\u010d\u016fm, rodi\u010dovskou dovolenou v&nbsp;praxi vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b \u017eeny. Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed syst\u00e9mu dostate\u010dn\u011b nezohled\u0148uje princip individu\u00e1ln\u00edho a&nbsp;nep\u0159enosn\u00e9ho n\u00e1roku na rodi\u010dovskou dovolenou, na kter\u00fd klade d\u016fraz sm\u011brnice Evropsk\u00e9 unie o&nbsp;rovnov\u00e1ze mezi pracovn\u00edm a&nbsp;soukrom\u00fdm \u017eivotem rodi\u010d\u016f a&nbsp;pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch osob.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010cesk\u00e1 republika z\u00e1rove\u0148 \u010del\u00ed postupn\u00e9mu poklesu plodnosti. Rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o&nbsp;zalo\u017een\u00ed \u010di&nbsp;roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed rodiny p\u0159itom m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1no nejen ekonomickou situac\u00ed dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 mo\u017enostmi slad\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edho a&nbsp;rodinn\u00e9ho \u017eivota.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pro\u010d je sou\u010dasn\u00fd stav problematick\u00fd?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed syst\u00e9mu v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice m\u016f\u017ee zt\u011b\u017eovat kombinaci zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a p\u00e9\u010de o d\u011bti a negativn\u011b ovliv\u0148ovat postaven\u00ed rodi\u010d\u016f na trhu pr\u00e1ce i jejich reproduk\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1ny. V\u00fdsledky anal\u00fdzy uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed \u0161anci na pozitivn\u00ed odpov\u011b\u010f na ot\u00e1zku, zda by byli schopni skloubit pracovn\u00ed a rodinn\u00fd \u017eivot v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b narozen\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte, maj\u00ed \u017eeny, osoby s d\u011btmi, osoby \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed v dom\u00e1cnostech s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edjmy a osoby bez flexibiln\u00edho zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed. Pr\u00e1v\u011b tyto obavy mohou m\u00edt v kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku velk\u00fd vliv na pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed rodiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdznamn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 postaven\u00ed \u017een na trhu pr\u00e1ce. Dlouhodob\u00e9 p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed pracovn\u00ed kari\u00e9ry spojen\u00e9 s p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed o potomky m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st ke ztr\u00e1t\u011b pracovn\u00edch zku\u0161enost\u00ed, pomalej\u0161\u00edmu kari\u00e9rn\u00edmu r\u016fstu i ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edjm\u016fm \u017een. Ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ekonomick\u00e1 aktivita matek z\u00e1rove\u0148 p\u0159isp\u00edv\u00e1 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;k prohlubov\u00e1n\u00ed rozd\u00edl\u016f mezi \u017eenami a mu\u017ei na trhu pr\u00e1ce i v oblasti ekonomick\u00e9 nez\u00e1vislosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Za velmi problematickou lze ozna\u010dit tak\u00e9 omezenou dostupnost flexibiln\u00edch forem pr\u00e1ce &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a zkr\u00e1cen\u00fdch \u00favazk\u016f. Velkou bari\u00e9rou je rovn\u011b\u017e omezen\u00e1 dostupnost form\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o d\u011bti, zejm\u00e9na pro d\u011bti mlad\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00ed let. Nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 kapacity za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o d\u011bti mohou komplikovat n\u00e1vrat rodi\u010d\u016f do zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a zvy\u0161ovat z\u00e1vislost dom\u00e1cnosti na p\u0159\u00edjmu jednoho z rodi\u010d\u016f.<strong><br><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mo\u017enosti \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><td><strong>Alternativa<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>O\u010dek\u00e1van\u00fd p\u0159\u00ednos<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Rizika a&nbsp;nev\u00fdhody<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Podpora flexibiln\u00edch pracovn\u00edch podm\u00ednek<\/strong><\/td><td>Mo\u017enost individu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapravy pracovn\u00ed doby, pr\u00e1ce z&nbsp;domova a&nbsp;pru\u017en\u00e1 pracovn\u00ed doba mohou sn\u00ed\u017eit obavy ze slad\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edch a&nbsp;rodinn\u00fdch povinnost\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na u&nbsp;osob s&nbsp;d\u011btmi, co\u017e by v&nbsp;kone\u010dn\u00e9m d\u016fsledku mohlo pozitivn\u011b ovlivnit tak\u00e9 plodnost.<\/td><td>Flexibilita nemus\u00ed b\u00fdt dostupn\u00e1 ve v\u0161ech profes\u00edch s&nbsp;ohledem na povahu pr\u00e1ce. Pokud by ji vyu\u017e\u00edvaly prim\u00e1rn\u011b \u017eeny, m\u016f\u017ee posilovat genderov\u00e9 nerovnosti.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed zkr\u00e1cen\u00fdch \u00favazk\u016f<\/strong><\/td><td>Zkr\u00e1cen\u00e9 \u00favazky mohou umo\u017enit d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a&nbsp;plynulej\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1vrat rodi\u010d\u016f na trh pr\u00e1ce a&nbsp;snaz\u0161\u00ed kombinaci zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed s&nbsp;p\u00e9\u010d\u00ed.<\/td><td>V&nbsp;\u010cesku mohou zkr\u00e1cen\u00e9 \u00favazky znamenat ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edjmy, omezen\u00fd kari\u00e9rn\u00ed postup, m\u00e9n\u011b zam\u011bstnaneck\u00fdch v\u00fdhod i&nbsp;ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed penzi v&nbsp;budoucnosti.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0160ir\u0161\u00ed dostupnost p\u00e9\u010de o&nbsp;d\u011bti<\/strong><\/td><td>Dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed form\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o&nbsp;d\u011bti m\u016f\u017ee usnadnit n\u00e1vrat rodi\u010d\u016f do zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a&nbsp;sn\u00ed\u017eit z\u00e1vislost dom\u00e1cnosti na p\u00e9\u010di&nbsp;jednoho rodi\u010de (v&nbsp;sou\u010dasnosti zpravidla matky).<\/td><td>Vy\u017eaduje ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 investice, person\u00e1ln\u00ed kapacity a&nbsp;region\u00e1ln\u00ed dostupnost. Aby bylo opat\u0159en\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9, musela by b\u00fdt tato slu\u017eba finan\u010dn\u011b i&nbsp;\u010dasov\u011b dostupn\u00e1 v\u0161em skupin\u00e1m obyvatel.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Legislativn\u00ed \u00faprava institutu rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 dovolen\u00e9<\/strong><\/td><td>Individu\u00e1ln\u00ed a&nbsp;nep\u0159enosn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 dovolen\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee podpo\u0159it rovnom\u011brn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed rozd\u011blen\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de mezi rodi\u010de a&nbsp;pos\u00edlit zapojen\u00ed otc\u016f.<\/td><td>P\u0159i&nbsp;nevhodn\u00e9m nastaven\u00ed m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt opat\u0159en\u00ed vn\u00edm\u00e1no jako finan\u010dn\u011b nev\u00fdhodn\u00e9 nebo obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b slu\u010diteln\u00e9 s&nbsp;pracovn\u00edm re\u017eimem rodi\u010d\u016f.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><br><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Doporu\u010den\u00ed \u2013 n\u00e1vrh \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a jeho implementace<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Doporu\u010den\u00fdm \u0159e\u0161en\u00edm je kombinace n\u011bkolika opat\u0159en\u00ed, proto\u017ee samotn\u00e9 zlep\u0161en\u00ed jednoho n\u00e1stroje nemus\u00ed odstranit hlavn\u00ed bari\u00e9ry slad\u011bn\u00ed rodinn\u00e9ho a&nbsp;pracovn\u00edho \u017eivota. Navrhovan\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed jsou rozd\u011blena podle \u010dasov\u00e9ho horizontu a&nbsp;n\u00e1ro\u010dnosti implementace na kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1, st\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e1 a&nbsp;dlouhodob\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Kr\u00e1tkodob\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ministerstvo pr\u00e1ce a&nbsp;soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed by m\u011blo podporovat roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed flexibiln\u00edch forem pr\u00e1ce, zejm\u00e9na pru\u017en\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed doby, individu\u00e1ln\u00ed \u00fapravy pracovn\u00ed doby a&nbsp;pr\u00e1ce z&nbsp;domova tam, kde to charakter zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed umo\u017e\u0148uje. St\u00e1t a&nbsp;zam\u011bstnavatel\u00e9 by z\u00e1rove\u0148 m\u011bli podporovat zkr\u00e1cen\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed \u00favazky. \u010c\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9 \u00favazky by nem\u011bly automaticky znamenat hor\u0161\u00ed kari\u00e9rn\u00ed postaven\u00ed, ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed dostupnost vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nebo omezen\u00e9 zam\u011bstnaneck\u00e9 v\u00fdhody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>St\u0159edn\u011bdob\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">St\u00e1t a&nbsp;obce by m\u011bly pos\u00edlit dostupnost form\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de o&nbsp;d\u011bti, zejm\u00e9na pro d\u011bti mlad\u0161\u00ed t\u0159\u00ed let. Opat\u0159en\u00ed by m\u011bla zahrnovat navy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed kapacit mate\u0159sk\u00fdch \u0161kol, jejich region\u00e1ln\u00ed a&nbsp;finan\u010dn\u00ed dostupnost i&nbsp;\u010dasovou flexibilitu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dlouhodob\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010cesk\u00e1 republika by m\u011bla upravit institut rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 dovolen\u00e9 v&nbsp;souladu se sm\u011brnic\u00ed Evropsk\u00e9 unie o&nbsp;rovnov\u00e1ze mezi pracovn\u00edm a&nbsp;soukrom\u00fdm \u017eivotem rodi\u010d\u016f a&nbsp;pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch osob. Alespo\u0148 \u010d\u00e1st rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9 dovolen\u00e9 by m\u011bla b\u00fdt mezi rodi\u010di&nbsp;nep\u0159enosn\u00e1, aby byl podpo\u0159en princip individu\u00e1ln\u00edho pr\u00e1va na rodi\u010dovskou dovolenou a&nbsp;vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed zapojen\u00ed otc\u016f do p\u00e9\u010de o&nbsp;d\u011bti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Limity a rizika vybran\u00fdch doporu\u010den\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Navr\u017een\u00e1 opat\u0159en\u00ed mohou b\u00fdt finan\u010dn\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e1 a jejich realizace m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt v n\u011bkter\u00fdch regionech komplikov\u00e1na nedostatkem person\u00e1ln\u00edch kapacit. Flexibiln\u00ed formy pr\u00e1ce z\u00e1rove\u0148 nejsou vhodn\u00e9 pro v\u0161echny profese a sektory ekonomiky. \u00dasp\u011b\u0161nost zm\u011bn je z\u00e1visl\u00e1 tak\u00e9 na ochot\u011b zam\u011bstnavatel\u016f podporovat flexibiln\u00ed pracovn\u00ed podm\u00ednky a na spole\u010densk\u00e9m p\u0159ijet\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho zapojen\u00ed otc\u016f do p\u00e9\u010de o d\u011bti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Z\u00e1v\u011br<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u010cesk\u00e1 republika pat\u0159\u00ed mezi zem\u011b, kde jsou podm\u00ednky pro slad\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edho a rodinn\u00e9ho \u017eivota m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9, zejm\u00e9na kv\u016fli n\u00edzk\u00e9 pracovn\u00ed flexibilit\u011b, omezen\u00e9 nab\u00eddce zkr\u00e1cen\u00fdch \u00favazk\u016f &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed dostupnosti p\u00e9\u010de o d\u011bti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00fdsledky anal\u00fdzy uk\u00e1zaly, \u017ee probl\u00e9my se slad\u011bn\u00edm pracovn\u00edho a rodinn\u00e9ho \u017eivota \u010dast\u011bji o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u017eeny, osoby s d\u011btmi, osoby s ni\u017e\u0161\u00edmi p\u0159\u00edjmy dom\u00e1cnosti a osoby bez flexibiln\u00edho zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed. Sou\u010dasn\u00e9 nastaven\u00ed syst\u00e9mu m\u016f\u017ee p\u0159isp\u00edvat k dlouhodob\u00e9mu p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed kari\u00e9ry \u017een a k prohlubov\u00e1n\u00ed rozd\u00edl\u016f mezi \u017eenami a mu\u017ei na trhu pr\u00e1ce.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Podpora flexibiln\u00edch forem pr\u00e1ce, kvalitn\u00edch zkr\u00e1cen\u00fdch \u00favazk\u016f, dostupnosti p\u00e9\u010de o d\u011bti &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho zapojen\u00ed otc\u016f do p\u00e9\u010de p\u0159edstavuje mo\u017enou cestu ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed podm\u00ednek pro rodiny &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;s d\u011btmi v \u010cesk\u00e9 republice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bez systemati\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed podpory slad\u011bn\u00ed pracovn\u00edho a rodinn\u00e9ho \u017eivota m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt kombinace zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u00e9\u010de o d\u011bti i nad\u00e1le v\u00fdznamnou bari\u00e9rou pro rodi\u010de mal\u00fdch d\u011bt\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na \u017eeny. P\u0159\u00edzniv\u00e9 podm\u00ednky pro slad\u011bn\u00ed mohou naopak pozitivn\u011b ovliv\u0148ovat spokojenost jednotlivc\u016f, postaven\u00ed rodi\u010d\u016f na trhu pr\u00e1ce a dlouhodob\u011b tak\u00e9 rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed o pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed rodiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Pou\u017eit\u00e9 zdroje:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ham\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1, N. (2025). <em>Plodnost a&nbsp;slad\u011bn\u00ed rodinn\u00e9ho \u017eivota s&nbsp;prac\u00ed.<\/em> Diplomov\u00e1 pr\u00e1ce. Vysok\u00e1 \u0161kola ekonomick\u00e1 v&nbsp;Praze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Eurostat: datov\u00e9 sady k&nbsp;ukazatel\u016fm plodnosti, trhu pr\u00e1ce, zkr\u00e1cen\u00fdm \u00favazk\u016fm a&nbsp;p\u00e9\u010di&nbsp;o&nbsp;d\u011bti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Generations and Gender Survey \/ Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 \u010desk\u00e1 rodina: druh\u00e1 vlna \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dobroti\u0107 et al. (2024). 20th International Review of Leave Policies and Related Research.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Rada Evropsk\u00e9 unie (2024): sm\u011brnice o&nbsp;rovnov\u00e1ze mezi pracovn\u00edm a&nbsp;soukrom\u00fdm \u017eivotem rodi\u010d\u016f a&nbsp;pe\u010duj\u00edc\u00edch osob.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Paloncyov\u00e1 &amp; H\u00f6hne (2023): v\u00fdzkumn\u00e1 zpr\u00e1va k&nbsp;\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed Sou\u010dasn\u00e1 \u010desk\u00e1 rodina.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kocourkov\u00e1 (2024); Ku\u017eelov\u00e1 (2024); Ministerstvo pr\u00e1ce a&nbsp;soci\u00e1ln\u00edch v\u011bc\u00ed (2024, 2025a, 2025b).<strong><br><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Autorka<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nela Ham\u00e1\u010dkov\u00e1 je absolventkou bakal\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9ho programu Matematick\u00e9 metody v ekonomii &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a navazuj\u00edc\u00edho in\u017een\u00fdrsk\u00e9ho oboru Ekonomick\u00e1 demografie na Vysok\u00e9 \u0161kole ekonomick\u00e9 &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;v Praze. V sou\u010dasnosti pracuje jako datov\u00e1 analyti\u010dka. Tento policy paper je zkr\u00e1cenou verz\u00ed jej\u00ed stejnojmenn\u00e9 diplomov\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce, se kterou v roce 2025 vyhr\u00e1la t\u0159et\u00ed m\u00edsto studentsk\u00e9 sout\u011b\u017ee Cena Karla Schwarzenberga. V\u00edt\u011bznou pr\u00e1ci v&nbsp;nezkr\u00e1cen\u00e9 podob\u011b naleznete na tomto odkazu: https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/2026\/01\/31\/vysledky-6-rocniku-souteze-studentskych-praci\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Editorka publika\u010dn\u00ed \u0159ady: Mgr. Lucie Tungul, M.A., PhD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tento policy paper je dostupn\u00fd ke sta\u017een\u00ed na: https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/category\/policy-papers\/<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00davod T\u00e9ma plodnosti je v&nbsp;sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b velmi aktu\u00e1ln\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na ve vysp\u011bl\u00fdch zem\u00edch, kde je jej\u00ed pokles v&nbsp;posledn\u00edch desetilet\u00edch \u010dasto diskutovan\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem. Za dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou problematiku, kter\u00e9 je nyn\u00ed v\u011bnov\u00e1no v\u00edce pozornosti, lze ozna\u010dit slad\u011bn\u00ed rodinn\u00e9ho a&nbsp;pracovn\u00edho \u017eivota. Tato dv\u011b v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 t\u00e9mata spolu mohou \u00fazce souviset, jeliko\u017e podm\u00ednky usnad\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed sklouben\u00ed pracovn\u00edch a&nbsp;rodinn\u00fdch z\u00e1vazk\u016f mohou ovliv\u0148ovat rozhodov\u00e1n\u00ed [&hellip;]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":22145,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,3],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22306","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktuality","category-policy-papers"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22306","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22306"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22306\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22307,"href":"https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22306\/revisions\/22307"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/22145"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22306"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22306"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thinktopaz.cz\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22306"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}